Abstract
Due to uneven distribution of rainfall over different regions of India, some areas will be water-logged while other areas will be drought prone. Assessing the risk of a flood is complicated and the solution is usually locating a route for water to flow in order to avoid a flood. To deal with the large number of scenarios that have to be developed and analysed, simplified numerical models are used in each scenario for computation of flooded areas. The rapid advancement in computer technology and research in numerical techniques have facilitated development, calibration and validation of various one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic models to be successfully applied for flood forecasting and inundation mapping. Along with discharge, river stage has also been chosen as a variable to be forecasted due to its practical application in flood warning. Use of hydrodynamic simulation models appear to be one of the appropriate tools for understanding the hydraulic behaviour of the system. In this paper, an overview of hydrodynamic models adopted for prediction of floods in channels are discussed.
Keywords: Simulation, Hydrodynamic Models, River stage
Introduction
Flooding results in loss of lives and property. This makes it necessary to understand, evaluate and forecast the possible event of a flood and its influence on individuals. Recent hydrodynamic models have focused on prediction of the stage-discharge relationships and the extent of inundation (Ballesteros et al., 2011; Lindner and Miller, 2012). Rating curves are used to estimate the peak flow rates of a flood. Calibration of channel roughness has been done for development of a hydraulic model (Vijay et al., 2007; Wasantha Lal A. M., 1995).